Utilization of Teak Leaves (Tectona grandis Linn.) Ethanol Extract as a Natural Dye in Blush-On Cream

Abstract

The leaves of the teak plant (Tectona grandis L.) contain anthocyanin compounds and have the potential as a natural dye. This study aims to develop a blush-on cream formulation containing ethanol extract of teak leaves as a natural dye and to evaluate the characteristics of the preparation. The color of the teak leaf extract remained stable during 28 days of storage at room temperature and was also stable following exposure to UV and polychromatic light. The blush-on cream was prepared using the fusion method with two types of bases: stearic acid–cetyl alcohol (F1) and beeswax–cetyl alcohol (F2), each containing 5 % extract. The formulations were evaluated for organoleptic properties, homogeneity, viscosity, spreadability, adhesion, cycling test stability, pH, and color stability. The F1 formulation exhibited a pink color, whereas F2 showed a brick-red color. The viscosities of the two creams differed, with F1 ranging from 12,100–16,466 cps and F2 from 6,466–7,766 cps, which influenced their adhesion and spreadability. Nevertheless, all parameters remained within acceptable limits for cosmetic applications. Measured parameters included pH values of 4.21–4.92 for F1 and 4.11–4.75 for F2; spreadability values of 5.46–5.83 cm for F1 and 7.43–7.67 cm for F2; and adhesion times of 173–184 s for F1 and 12.76–15.01 s for F2. After six cycles of the cycling stability test, globule sizes remained <50 µm. Color stability testing demonstrated no shift in the maximum wavelength of the teak leaf extract in either formulation. The extract color in the F2 cream was more stable than in F1, as indicated by the absence of significant changes in absorbance values; in contrast, F1 showed a slight decrease in absorbance after 28 days of storage at room temperature.